Ta có :

a²b ( a - b ) + b²c ( b - c ) + c²a ( c - a )

= ( a³b + b³c + c³a ) - ( a²b² + b²c² + c²a² )

= \(abc\left(\frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\right)-\left(abc\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)

\(\ge abc.\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}\right)-\left(abc\right)^2.\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=abc\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(abc\right)^2.\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

Mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge27abc\)

\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(abc\right)^2.\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge abc\left[\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\right]\)

\(=\frac{abc}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\left[3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)^3\right]\)

\(=\frac{abc}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\right)\)

vì a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc \(\ge\)0 nên a²b(a - b ) + b²c ( b - c ) + c²a ( c - a ) \(\ge\)0

Bài này không đúng nhé. Với a = b = c = 1 thì bất đẳng thức sai. Tuy nhiên bài này đúng theo chiều ngược lại.

Ta sẽ chứng minh bất đẳng thức phụ sau đây \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)

\(< =>2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(< =>2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx\ge0\)

\(< =>\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*

Đặt \(\left\{2a+2b-c;2b+2c-a;2c+2a-b\right\}\rightarrow\left\{x;y;z\right\}\)

Vì a,b,c là ba cạnh của 1 tam giác nên x,y,z dương 

Ta có : \(x^2+y^2+z^2=9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(x+y=c+a+4b\); \(y+z=a+b+4c\); \(z+x=b+c+4a\)

Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh quy về : \(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có : 

\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{x\left(y+z\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^3.x\left(y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{x^4}{4}}=2\frac{x^2}{2}=x^2\)

\(\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{y\left(x+z\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y^3.y\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{y^4}{4}}=2\frac{y^2}{2}=y^2\)

\(\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z^3.z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{z^4}{4}}=2\frac{z^2}{2}=z^2\)

Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều ta được :

\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{x\left(y+z\right)}{4}+\frac{y\left(x+z\right)}{4}+\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)

\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{xy+yz+zx+xy+yz+zx}{4}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)

\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}+\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\)

\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2-\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\)

Sử dụng bất đẳng thức phụ \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)khi đó ta được :

\(\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{x+z}+\frac{z^3}{y+x}\ge x^2+y^2+z^2-\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)

\(< =>\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y^3}{z+x}+\frac{z^3}{x+y}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z< =>a=b=c\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh

Dấu >= hay <= vậy bạn? Bạn xem lại đề.

\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}+\dfrac{a+2b}{27}+\dfrac{b+2c}{27}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}{27^2.\left(a+2b\right)\left(b+2c\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{3}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(c+2a\right)}+\dfrac{b+2c}{27}+\dfrac{c+2a}{27}\ge\dfrac{b}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(a+2b\right)}+\dfrac{c+2a}{27}+\dfrac{a+2b}{27}\ge\dfrac{c}{3}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{9}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

1.

\(2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2-a^4-b^4-c^4>0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2\right)-4a^2b^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^2-4a^2b^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-c^2-2ab\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2+2ab\right)< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2\right]\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\right]< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)< 0\left(1\right)\)

Vì a,b,c là độ dài 3 cạnh của 1 tg nên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c>b\\a-b< c\\a+b>c\\a+b+c>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b+c>0\\a-b-c< 0\\a+b-c>0\\a+b+c>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do đó \(\left(1\right)\) luôn đúng (do 3 dương nhân 1 âm ra âm)

Từ đó ta được đpcm

2.

\(a,Sửa:a^6+a^4+a^2b^2+b^4-b^6\\ =\left(a^6-b^6\right)+\left(a^4+b^4+a^2b^2\right)\\ =\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)+\left(a^4+b^4+a^2b^2\right)\\ =\left(a^2-b^2+1\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\\ =\left[\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-a^2b^2\right]\left(a^2-b^2+1\right)\\ =\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a^2-b^2+1\right)\\ b,=\left(a^3+b^3\right)-1+3ab\\ =\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-1+3ab\\ =\left(a+b-1\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2+a+b+1\right)-3ab\left(a+b-1\right)\\ =\left(a+b-1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+1+a+b-ab\right)\)

\(c,=a^2b^2\left(b-a\right)+b^2c^2\left(c-a+a-b\right)-c^2a^2\left(c-a\right)\\ =-a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2c^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2c^2\left(c-a\right)-c^2a^2\left(c-a\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2c^2-a^2b^2\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b^2c^2-c^2a^2\right)\\ =b^2\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)+c^2\left(c-a\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left[b^2\left(c+a\right)-c^2\left(b+a\right)\right]\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b^2c+ab^2-bc^2-ac^2\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left[bc\left(b-c\right)+a\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]\\ =\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(bc+ab+ac\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}-2+\dfrac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{b\left(c+a\right)}-2+\dfrac{a\left(2c-a\right)}{c\left(a+b\right)}-2\le\dfrac{3}{2}-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2+2ac}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+2ab}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{a^2+2bc}{c\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{a^2}{ac+bc}+\dfrac{2c^2}{bc+c^2}+\dfrac{2a^2}{ac+a^2}+\dfrac{2b^2}{ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Ta có:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

a/ Với mọi số thực ta luôn có:

\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)

Lại có do a;b;c là ba cạnh của 1 tam giác nên theo BĐT tam giác ta có:

\(a+b>c\Rightarrow ac+bc>c^2\)

\(a+c>b\Rightarrow ab+bc>b^2\)

\(b+c>a\Rightarrow ab+ac>a^2\)

Cộng vế với vế: \(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)>a^2+b^2+c^2\)

b/

Do a;b;c là ba cạnh của tam giác nên các nhân tử vế phải đều dương

Ta có:

\(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b-c+b+c-a\right)^2=b^2\)

Tương tự: \(\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\le a^2\)

\(\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\le c^2\)

Nhân vế với vế:

\(a^2b^2c^2\ge\left(a+b-c\right)^2\left(b+c-a\right)^2\left(a+c-b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(a+c-b\right)\)

\(VT=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2-a^4-b^4-c^4\)

\(=4a^2b^2-\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2\right)\)

\(=\left(2ab\right)^2-\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^2\)

\(=\left(2ab+a^2+b^2-c^2\right)\left(2ab-a^2-b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\right]\left[c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)

Mặt khác theo BĐT tam giác ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b>c\\\left|a-b\right|< c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2>c^2\\\left(a-b\right)^2< c^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2>0\\c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow VT>0\)

Bài này có bạn giải rồi:

Cho các số thực dương a,b,c.Chứng minh rằng :\(\dfrac{b\left(2a-b\right)}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(2b-c\right)}{... - Hoc24